When activated carbon is used as a true catalyst, it serves as the active center for catalytic reactions, directly participating in chemical reactions through its surface structure or functional groups, and initiating or accelerating the reaction process.
core functionality
Provide active sites: Unsaturated carbon atoms, defect sites, or doped hetero atoms (such as N, O) on the surface of activated carbon can directly adsorb reactant molecules, reduce reaction activation energy, and promote reaction occurrence.
Implementing specific reaction pathways: By leveraging its electronic structure and surface chemical properties, it guides reactants to transform along specific pathways, enhancing the selectivity of the target product.
Typical application scenarios
Organic synthesis reaction: In esterification and condensation reactions, carboxyl and hydroxyl groups on the surface of activated carbon can act as acidic sites to catalyze the reaction without the need for additional acid-base catalysts.
Pollutant degradation: In water treatment, activated carbon can directly catalyze hydrogen peroxide (H ₂ O ₂) to generate hydroxyl radicals (· OH), efficiently degrading organic pollutants such as phenols and dyes in water.
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